In 1934, Kodama was involved in the planning of an assassination attempt on Prime Minister Saitō Makoto. His group, in collaboration with the group Tenkōkai (天行会, "Society for Heavenly Action") was responsible for the murder of three Japanese politicians who advocated the peaceful coexistence of Japan, Korea and China. Its main activity was opium export from Japan to Korea and Manchuria to break the resistance of the local population against the Japanese rule.
In 1933, Kodama formed his own ultranationalist group called the Independent Youth Society (独立青年社, Dokuritsu Seinensha), which planned to assassinate various Japanese politicians.
In 1931, Kodama was imprisoned again for his role in the "Diet Pamphlet Distribution Case" (国会ビラ撒き事件, Kokkai Biramaki Jiken).
A few months later, Kodama returned to Japan. There he was involved in the suppression of the anti-Japanese resistance working under the chief of Japanese military intelligence in the region, Colonel Kenji Doihara. Tōyama Mitsuru from the Gen'yōsha (Dark Ocean Society), a secret society founded in the late 19th century that first grouped extreme rightists and yakuza together, sent him to Manchuria. After his release from prison, he joined Tatsuo Tsukui's Radical Patriotic Party (急進愛国党, Kyūshin Aikokutō). During this time in prison he wrote his first book, a primer for fanatical Japanese nationalists. However, he was intercepted by the security forces and arrested for his role in the "Direct Appeal to the Emperor Incident" (天皇直訴事件, Tennō Jikiso Jiken). In 1929, during a parade, he tried to give Emperor Hirohito a self-written appeal for increased patriotism. In 1929, he joined Bin Akao's " National Foundation Society" (建国会, Kenkokukai). At the end of the 1920s he joined the secret society Gen'yōsha. Returning to Japan as a teenager, Kodama joined a variety of right-wing nationalist groups. He was treated badly, suffered from isolation and had to do child labor in a steel mill. Due to his family's straitened circumstances, in 1920 Kodama was sent to live with a married older sister in Korea and lived there for three years. Kodama was the fifth son of a bankrupt Nihonmatsu businessman. Yoshio Kodama was born on February 18, 1911, in Nihonmatsu, Fukushima, Japan to a family formerly of samurai status. Yoshio Kodama (first row, second from right) at a meeting of the ultranationalist Black Ocean Society ( Genyōsha) in 1929.
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